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Botanical Name: Wisteria frutescens or sinensis
Mature Size: 15-30ft H, 8-15ft W, Species Dependent
Light Requirement: Sun
Water Need: Medium
Cold Hardiness: Zone 5 (-20 to -15F) to 9 (25 to 30F), Species Dependent
Description: Adapted and/or cultivar. Vigorous, long-lived, deciduous twining vines; cascading clusters of fragrant, pea-like flowers in spring attract pollinators. W. frutescens, native to Southeastern TX, blooms later in spring on current season's growth, producing shorter but more restrained clusters in shades of violet-blue to lavender. Generally less aggressive growth habit ideal for controlled spaces. W. sinensis, produces showy, longer flower clusters in early to mid-spring on old wood, often before foliage emerges, and has a more rampant growth habit that requires strong support and vigilant pruning to prevent structural damage. Both tolerate range of soils, thrive in full sun for best flowering, and are adaptable to partial shade where blooms may be reduced. Adequate irrigation during dry spells improves bloom quality, and both benefit from structural pruning after flowering. Avoid planting near waterways, as W. sinensis can be invasive in riparian zones. Deer resistant. Best for covering strong arbors, pergolas, or large trellises where their vigorous, twining growth and cascading blooms can be showcased, with sinensis types requiring containment to prevent invasive spread.
Common Varieties
Amethyst Falls: Cultivar Compact, reblooming form; violet-blue blooms; less aggressive growth, suitable for smaller trellises or arbors. Mature Size: 12-18ft H, 6-10ft W.
frutescens species form: Adapted to Austin: Native to the southeastern TX; blooms later in spring on current growth; shorter clusters of violet to lavender flowers; more restrained growth habit. Mature Size: 15-25ft H, 8-12ft W.
sinensis species form (Invasive Potential): Adapted. Early to mid-spring bloom on old wood; long, fragrant clusters; highly vigorous twining growth requiring strong support. Mature Size: 20-30ft H, 10-15ft W.
Summer Cascade: Cultivar. Cold-hardy, long-blooming variety; lavender-blue flowers midsummer; repeat bloom potential; moderately vigorous. Mature Size: 15-20ft H, 6-10ft W.
White forms: Cultivars. Fragrant, white-flowered selections; frutescens types bloom later and are less aggressive; sinensis types bloom earlier with longer clusters and stronger growth (Invasive Potential). Mature Size: 15-30ft H, 8-15ft W, Species Dependent.