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Botanical Name: Sambucus canadensis (American Elderberry)
Mature Size: 6-12 ft H, 6-10 ft W
Light Requirement: Sun to Partial Shade
Water Need: Medium
Cold Hardiness: Zone 4 (-30 to -20F) to 9 (20 to 25F)
Description: North American Native and deciduous, fast-growing shrub with fragrant white flower clusters in spring followed by dark purple-black berries in summer. Well-suited to central Texas gardens, commonly used for syrups, jams, and medicinal purposes. Prune annually to maintain shape and encourage new growth. Plants are best grown in moist areas with good air circulation. Fruit is valued by wildlife. Partially self-fertile so 2 or more compatible varieties improves fruit yield and quality.
Adams: Large fruit clusters, vigorous growth, ripens early. Needs another variety for best fruiting.
York: Very large berries, more compact growth, ripens later than Adams.
Ranch: Smaller plant size, early ripening, good pollinator for other varieties.
Nova: Self-fruitful but benefits from a pollinator, high yield, sweeter berries.